DRL-Based AoI Minimization for RSMA in Finite-Blocklength MU-MISO

Abstract

This letter investigates age-of-information (AoI) minimization in multi-user wireless networks operating in the finite-blocklength (FBL) regime, which is critical for low-latency transmission of short state-update packets. While rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) provides a powerful and flexible framework for interference management in multi-user FBL systems, the joint optimization of its parameters, such as precoding vectors, power allocation, and rate-splitting ratios, to guarantee information freshness results in analytically intractable complexity. To address this challenge, we propose an actor–critic deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework to learn dynamic resource-allocation policies in multi-user multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) broadcast channels. Simulation results show that the proposed RSMA-RL framework achieves consistently lower AoI than the state-of-the-art benchmarks, with substantial gains observed at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and short blocklengths, while matching benchmark performance at high SNR with significantly lower online complexity via a single neural-network forward pass at execution.