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CRISPR-Cas9 Technology in Genetic Disorders: Genome Editing Approaches and Therapeutic Applications – A Review

Jul 2026 · International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology · 0 citations · 3 references

TL;DR

The potential application of CRISPR technology for the possible management of geneticbased conditions, including sickle-cell anemia, β-thalassemia, cystic fibrosis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy is described.

Abstract

Background CRISPR-Cas9 technology has become a revolutionary tool in molecular biology and has transformed the landscape of genetic research and therapeutics. CRISPR has allowed for an unprecedented opportunity to target, modify and correct disease-causing mutations at the source, given the rapid, efficient and precise modifications of these DNA sequences. The simplicity and versatility of CRISPR, especially in comparison to previous gene editing platforms such as zinc-finger nucleases and TALENs, is appealing to today's researchers and clinicians, making CRISPR a preferred gene-modifying strategy for laboratory studies, and a pathway for future clinical trials. Scope This review describes the potential application of CRISPR technology for the possible management of geneticbased conditions. This review will focus on monogenic disorders, including sickle-cell anemia, β-thalassemia, cystic fibrosis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Strategies using CRISPR are currently being evaluated in in vivo approaches and ex vivo approaches using patient-derived cells. The advantages of CRISPR, including precision, specificity, and potential cure, are compared with the disadvantages of traditional gene therapy, including inefficiency, costs, and immune difficulties. Challenges Possible problems with CRISPR technology and applications also remain. Off-target effects and incomplete edits are based on safety issues/concerns for long-term consequences. Bioethics issues, including germline editing and possible uses for enhancement of non-therapeutic applications, require even stricter oversight and regulation.

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