Green Logistics 5.0 and Sustainable Supply Chain Performance: Integrating Digital Innovation for Environmental Sustainability

Abstract

The increasing environmental impacts of logistics operations have intensified the need for sustainable logistics practices that balance economic growth with environmental responsibility. Green logistics has emerged as a strategic approach to reducing carbon emissions, minimizing waste, improving energy efficiency, and enhancing resource utilization across supply chains. Despite growing scholarly interest, the successful adoption of green logistics remains influenced by multiple technological, organizational, regulatory, and operational factors, particularly in emerging economies. This paper examines the key determinants of green logistics adoption and their implications for sustainable supply chain performance. Adopting a qualitative desktop research design based entirely on secondary literature synthesis, the study synthesizes evidence from peer-reviewed journal articles, policy documents, and reports published by reputable international organizations between 2020 and 2025. The review identifies environmental regulations and policies, technological advancements and innovations, supply chain collaboration and integration, energy efficiency in operations, waste minimization and sustainable packaging, resource availability and sustainable sourcing, organizational culture, and corporate social responsibility as critical drivers of green logistics implementation. The findings indicate that technological innovation and supportive regulatory frameworks significantly enhance the adoption of environmentally sustainable logistics practices, while collaboration among supply chain partners, organizational commitment, and responsible resource management further strengthen sustainability performance. The study concludes that an integrated approach combining technological advancement, effective governance, and stakeholder collaboration is essential for accelerating green logistics adoption. It recommends strengthening environmental policies, investing in digital logistics technologies, promoting sustainable business practices, and fostering cross-sector partnerships to support resilient and environmentally sustainable logistics systems that contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).