Leadership model in integrated quality management in Islamic elementary school and state elementary school

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and compare the leadership models of principals in the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in Islamic elementary schools and public elementary schools, namely SD S Terpadu Bina Ilmu and SDN Panaragan Kidul. The study used a qualitative approach with a comparative study type through field studies. Data were obtained from the principal, vice principal, teachers, and staff through observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the interactive analysis model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that both schools implement TQM through four main leadership functions, namely planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling, which are carried out systematically and continuously. Principals in both institutions play a strategic role as planners, change drivers, quality controllers, and role models in building a culture of educational quality. Differences in leadership models are evident in value orientation and implementation approaches. SD S Terpadu Bina Ilmu applies TQM leadership based on religious values with an emphasis on moral development, internalization of Qur'anic values, and strengthening school culture. Meanwhile, SDN Panaragan Kidul implements TQM leadership that is oriented towards national systems and regulations by utilizing Education Report Card data, National Assessment, and RKS and RKAS-based planning. This study concludes that the success of TQM implementation in elementary schools is largely determined by the strength of the principal's leadership in building a shared vision, instilling a culture of quality, and involving all school members in a participatory manner according to the context and characteristics of the educational institution. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan model kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam penerapan Manajemen Mutu Terpadu (Total Quality Management/TQM) di sekolah dasar Islam dan sekolah dasar negeri, yaitu SD S Terpadu Bina Ilmu dan SDN Panaragan Kidul. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi komparatif melalui studi lapangan. Data diperoleh dari kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, guru, dan staf melalui teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model analisis interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua sekolah menerapkan TQM melalui empat fungsi kepemimpinan utama, yaitu perencanaan, pengorganisasian, penggerakan, dan pengendalian, yang dijalankan secara sistematis dan berkelanjutan. Kepala sekolah di kedua lembaga berperan strategis sebagai perencana, penggerak perubahan, pengendali mutu, serta teladan dalam membangun budaya mutu pendidikan. Perbedaan model kepemimpinan tampak pada orientasi nilai dan pendekatan implementasi. SD S Terpadu Bina Ilmu menerapkan kepemimpinan TQM berbasis nilai religius dengan penekanan pada pembinaan akhlak, internalisasi nilai Qur’ani, dan penguatan budaya sekolah. Sementara itu, SDN Panaragan Kidul menerapkan kepemimpinan TQM yang berorientasi pada sistem dan regulasi nasional dengan pemanfaatan data Rapor Pendidikan, Asesmen Nasional, serta perencanaan berbasis RKS dan RKAS. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan penerapan TQM di sekolah dasar sangat ditentukan oleh kekuatan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam membangun visi bersama, menanamkan budaya mutu, serta melibatkan seluruh warga sekolah secara partisipatif sesuai dengan konteks dan karakteristik lembaga pendidikan.