The Effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Learning Model on Students' Critical Thinking Skills in the Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh) Subject

Abstract

Education in the modern era requires students to possess critical thinking skills; however, these abilities still need to be enhanced through appropriate learning approaches. One solution is the use of a student-centered learning model that encourages active problem-solving. The Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model is considered capable of addressing these needs. This study aims to investigate the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ critical thinking skills in the subject of fiqh. This study employs a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design, using a non-equivalent control group design. This study uses a saturated sampling technique, with Class IX A serving as the control group and Class IX B as the experimental group, each consisting of 18 students. The research instrument used in this study was an essay test tailored to critical thinking indicators. The results showed Sig. 0.000 < 0.05, so H0 was rejected and Ha accepted, meaning there is an effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ critical thinking skills in the subject of fiqh. The implications of this study indicate that the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model can serve as an effective alternative learning strategy to enhance students’ critical thinking skills; therefore, teachers are advised to integrate this model into the learning process, particularly in the subject of fiqh.