Cross-sectional analysis of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on postoperative health self-management in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention across different time intervals postprocedure at a tertiary hospital in China
TL;DR
The unique contribution of this study lies in analysing four distinct postoperative time intervals, which revealed a divergence between improving knowledge and declining attitudes after 12 months, highlighting the need for sustained support, especially during the early postprocedure period and for patients with lower education levels, to enhance long-term adherence and health outcomes.
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding postoperative health self-management among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Design A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Setting The study took place at Shanxi Bethune Hospital within the Department of Cardiology, encompassing both inpatient and outpatient settings. Participants A total of 500 patients who had undergone coronary interventional procedures participated in the survey. Interventions Demographic information and KAP scores were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome was the KAP scores, while secondary outcomes included correlations between KAP components and the duration since procedure. Results The participants were categorised based on procedure timing: 118 (23.6%) within 3 months, 130 (26.0%) within 3–6 months, 158 (31.6%) within 6–12 months and 94 (18.8%) at least 12 months postprocedure. Median KAP scores were knowledge 28 (26, 29), attitude 56 (53, 59) and practice 52 (48, 54). Positive correlations were found between knowledge and attitude (r=0.096, p<0.001), knowledge and practice (r=0.300, p<0.001) and attitude and practice (r=0.440, p<0.001). Attitude declined over time (r=−0.122, p=0.006). Knowledge scores improved, especially regarding coronary heart disease basics (p=0.032) and treatment-related items (p=0.01). Conclusions Patients demonstrated adequate knowledge, positive attitudes and proactive practices towards postprocedure self-management. The unique contribution of this study lies in analysing four distinct postoperative time intervals, which revealed a divergence between improving knowledge and declining attitudes after 12 months. This underscores the need for sustained support, especially during the early postprocedure period (3–6 months) and for patients with lower education levels, to enhance long-term adherence and health outcomes.