Finite Element-based Optimization of Shear-Strengthening Strategies for I-Shaped RC Beams using Hybrid Materials and Plate Reinforcement

Abstract

This study investigates the shear-strengthening performance of I-shaped reinforced concrete (RC) beams using advanced materials and external steel plate configurations through nonlinear finite element modeling (FEM) in ANSYS. Three shear enhancement techniques were evaluated: high-strength concrete (HSC), steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC), and externally bonded steel plates of different configurations (full-length, vertical, inclined). The FEM models were validated against experimental results with a deviation of less than 2%, demonstrating excellent predictive accuracy. Results reveal that inclined and full-length steel plates achieved the greatest improvement in shear capacity of up to 22% compared to control specimens. In comparison, SFRC provided a comparable 17.5% increase, while offering additional advantages such as improved durability and corrosion resistance. Additionally, the influence of web material replacement on crack propagation and load redistribution was examined. This study provides a comprehensive comparison of shear-strengthening methods and offers practical insights into effective retrofit strategies for existing RC structures under increased service demands.