MOTC-ASD: a multiobjective and topology-constrained adaptive structural design algorithm for filter-rod emission tube bend optimization

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel Multi-Objective and Topology-Constrained Adaptive Structural Design (MOTC-ASD) algorithm to optimize the geometric and mechanical parameters of filter-rod emission tube bends. Conventional structural optimization techniques often fail to balance aerodynamic efficiency, mechanical stability, and manufacturability, particularly under nonlinear flow–structure coupling. MOTC-ASD integrates a hybrid NSGA-II and Differential Evolution (DE) optimization framework with a topology constraint module based on the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) method. Through a coupled CFD–FEA simulation loop, the algorithm adaptively refines curvature radius, bending angle, and wall thickness while enforcing geometric feasibility. Experiments across four benchmark datasets demonstrate that MOTC-ASD achieves up to 18.7% higher hypervolume and 23.4% lower IGD compared with state-of-the-art baselines. The resulting Pareto front reveals a superior trade-off among pressure loss, structural deformation, and material consumption, confirming the method’s effectiveness for complex pipe design and other flow-structure interaction systems.