Influence of Social Media Usage on Psychological Well-Being, Self-Esteem, and Interpersonal Relationships among Adolescents and Young Adults

Abstract

The present study examines the influence of social media usage on psychological well-being, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships among adolescents and young adults. Social media has become an important part of daily life, offering opportunities for communication, self-expression, social connection, and information sharing. However, excessive or problematic use of social media may affect emotional health, body image, self-worth, sleep patterns, and social behaviour (Keles, McCrae, & Grealish, 2020). The study explores how frequency of use, online comparison, feedback-seeking, cyberbullying, and digital interaction patterns influence users’ mental well-being and self-esteem. It also analyses the role of social media in shaping interpersonal relationships, including friendship quality, family communication, peer interaction, and social support. Previous studies suggest that social media can provide belongingness and emotional support, but it may also increase anxiety, loneliness, and depressive symptoms when used excessively or negatively (Primack et al., 2017; Woods & Scott, 2016). The study highlights the need for balanced social media use, digital literacy, positive online behaviour, and supportive family and institutional environments to promote healthy psychological and social development among adolescents and young adults.