Implementation of the Problem-Based Learning Model to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in History Lessons for Grade XI

Abstract

History learning has an important role in shaping historical consciousness, national character, and students' ability to analyze the relationship between past events and present life. This research aims to improve student learning outcomes through the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) to the material on the Arrival of Japan in Indonesia in History subjects in grade XI of SMA Negeri 8 Palu. The research method uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method with the Kemmis and McTaggart models which includes the planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The research was carried out in two cycles with 25 subjects in class XI. The research data was collected through observation, learning outcome tests, and documentation, then analyzed using qualitative descriptive and quantitative descriptive techniques. The results showed that the application of PBL was able to improve students' learning outcomes in the material of Japan's Arrival to Indonesia. The average class score increased from 74.40 in Cycle I to 86.20 in Cycle II, while classical learning completeness increased from 68.00% to 92.00%, thus exceeding the set success indicator of 85%. In addition to improving learning outcomes, the implementation of PBL also improves students' learning activities through activities of identifying historical problems, analyzing various historical sources, discussing collaboratively, presenting the results of analysis, and drawing conclusions based on historical evidence. The results of this study show that Problem Based Learning is effective in creating more active, contextual, and meaningful history learning and can be used as an alternative learning model to improve learning outcomes in the material of Japanese Arrival in Indonesia.