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An Interactive Computational Tool Using the Gauss-Seidel Method for Power Flow Analysis in Electrical Engineering Education

Sep 2026 · International Journal of Combinatorial Optimization Problems and Informatics · Vol 18, pp. 140-153 · 0 citations
Optimal Power Flow Distribution

Abstract

The development and implementation of an interactive computational tool in MATLAB for power flow analysis is presented. The software addresses the challenges of modeling electric power systems under complex topologies and incomplete data. By applying the iterative Gauss-Seidel method, which optimizes computational load by avoiding explicit inversion of complex matrices and maintains robustness in small- and medium-scale networks, the algorithm automatically constructs the system's admittance matrix Ybus to obtain network parameters. Likewise, it processes the corresponding data for PQ load buses, PV controlled voltage buses, and Slack compensation buses, and integrates real-time visualization features that include single-line diagrams, convergence profiles, and error evolution metrics. Through validation by an n x n bus test system applied to 5 buses, the algorithm successfully converged in 43 iterations with a tolerance of 1x10⁻⁶, demonstrating stability in voltage magnitudes. Through the graphical interface that allowed direct parameter input, selection of per-unit or real values, and automatic topology rendering, operating as a digital twin for network evaluation. The results confirm that this tool not only improves the reliability of calculations but also provides a transparent, real-time view of the system state and its convergence behavior.   Spanish-language metadata / Metadatos en españolTítulo en español:Herramienta computacional interactiva basada en el método de Gauss-Seidel para el análisis de flujo de potencia en la enseñanza de la ingeniería eléctrica Resumen:Se presenta el desarrollo y la implementación de una herramienta computacional interactiva en MATLAB para el análisis de flujo de potencia. El software aborda los desafíos asociados con el modelado de sistemas eléctricos de potencia con topologías complejas y datos incompletos. Mediante la aplicación del método iterativo de Gauss-Seidel, que optimiza la carga computacional al evitar la inversión explícita de matrices complejas y mantiene su robustez en redes de pequeña y mediana escala, el algoritmo construye automáticamente la matriz de admitancias Ybus del sistema para obtener los parámetros de la red. Asimismo, procesa los datos correspondientes a barras de carga PQ, barras PV de tensión controlada y barras Slack de compensación, e integra funciones de visualización en tiempo real que incluyen diagramas unifilares, perfiles de convergencia y métricas de evolución del error. La validación mediante un sistema de prueba de n × n barras aplicado a cinco barras mostró que el algoritmo convergió satisfactoriamente en 43 iteraciones, con una tolerancia de 1 × 10⁻⁶, demostrando estabilidad en las magnitudes de tensión. La interfaz gráfica permite la introducción directa de parámetros, la selección entre valores por unidad y valores reales, así como la representación automática de la topología, funcionando como un gemelo digital para la evaluación de la red. Los resultados confirman que esta herramienta no solo mejora la fiabilidad de los cálculos, sino que también proporciona una visualización transparente y en tiempo real del estado del sistema y de su comportamiento de convergencia. Palabras Claves:Flujos de potencia, Ybus, Zbus, sistemas eléctricos de potencia, análisis, iteraciones, software, interfaz. Smart citations:SciteAI. Dimensions.Open Alex.  

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