Aerodynamic Performance of Rectangular Counter-Rotating Vortex Generators on Amphibious Plane Airfoils

Abstract

ABSTRACT Inter-regional connectivity is a crucial necessity in various emergencies; however, the limited standard of runways in remote areas poses operational challenges for conventional aircraft. This study aims to investigate the influence of geometric parameters and installation positions of rectangular counter-rotating vortex generators (VGs) on a NACA 4415 airfoil used for short take-off and landing (STOL) amphibious planes. Numerical simulations using the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes k-ω shear stress transport turbulence model were conducted to analyze aerodynamic performance across various angles of attack. The results indicate that VGs effectively delay flow separation and improve the lift-to-drag ratio, particularly at medium to high angles of attack. Geometric parameters such as a height of 30 mm and a length of 4.5 h proved to provide the most rational performance for take-off and landing conditions. However, the installation of VGs also introduces adverse effects in the form of increased parasitic drag at low angles of attack, potentially impacting fuel consumption during the cruise phase. Overall, the proper configuration of VGs significantly enhances the safety and operational efficiency of amphibious aircraft on short runways.