Performance-Based Seismic Design of Building Using Pushover and Time History Analysis in SAP2000

Abstract

This study examines the seismic performance of a multi-storey reinforced concrete building designed for Seismic Zone IV under IS 1893:2002, evaluated using performance-based seismic design (PBSD) principles. A special moment-resisting RC frame was modelled in SAP2000 v16 and analysed using linear static, nonlinear static (pushover), and nonlinear dynamic time-history methods, the latter using both a recorded ground motion (the 2001 Bhuj earthquake) and a spectrum-compatible motion generated from the IS 1893:2002 medium-soil design spectrum. Pushover analysis, evaluated using the ATC-40 Capacity Spectrum Method, located a performance point at a base shear of 397 kN and roof displacement of 128 mm, placing the structure within the Life Safety performance range with a maximum pushover displacement of 145 mm at 411.5 kN base shear. Time-history analysis produced substantially lower peak displacements of 34 mm (Bhuj) and 20 mm (IS 1893 medium soil), with peak base shears of 394 kN and 347 kN respectively. Hinge formation initiated at beam ends before spreading toward the base, consistent with the intended strong-column, weak-beam response. The results confirm that the structure satisfies its two-level performance objective: light, repairable damage under the Design Basis Earthquake, and controlled, non-collapse damage under the Maximum Considered Earthquake.