Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Cuminum cyminum Seed Extract against Selected Pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract

   Antibiotic resistance is a major health challenge in the world today. This has created the need for the development of other forms of antimicrobial therapies. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the aqueous extract of cumin seeds (Cuminum cyminum) as the reducing and capping agents. Confirmation of the formation of the nanoparticles was done by the change in color of the solution to dark brown, indicating the surface plasmon resonance of the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, XRD, AFM, and EDX analysis. From the analysis of the nanoparticles, it is clear that the nanoparticles are spherical in shape and well dispersed in the solution. They are also highly crystalline with sizes ranging between 37 and 43 nm in diameter. The antibacterial activity of the AgNPs was carried out using the well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiotic resistance is a global health challenge that calls for new antimicrobial approaches. In this research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using an aqueous extract of cumin seeds (Cuminum cyminum) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by a color change to dark brown, which is a characteristic of surface plasmon resonance. The prepared AgNPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). From the characterization studies, it was evident that the prepared AgNPs are spherical, well-separated, crystalline in nature, and range in size from 37 to 43 nm. The antimicrobial efficacy of AgNPs was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia using a well diffusion assay.