Aug 2026· Science· pp.
eady2660
· 3 citations· 49 references
Medicine
Abstract
The Pacific El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) generates climate extremes that endanger ecosystems, infrastructure, and human well-being worldwide. The response of this system to climate warming is poorly constrained, due both to data scarcity and uncertainties in climate models. The geochemistry of Galápagos coral skeletons across the past millennium reveals a large recent increase in interannual variability of sea surface temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific compared to existing paleorecords that exceeds simulated natural variability. This increase parallels rising global temperature and results from stronger El Niño events. Central Pacific coral data also show increased variability, although less distinctly than in the Galápagos. Our results provide long-term context for understanding ENSO variability trends, with troubling implications for climate extremes.
Understanding the relationship between the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and North Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) activity is critical for both seasonal predictions and future projections of TCs. Unfortunately, the satellite observational era (1970‐present) captures too few El Niño events to fully cha...
E. Wallace, Sylvia G. Dee, Andrew Bierbower et al.· Journal of Geophysical Resea...· 0 citations
Hydroclimate in Portugal is influenced by the North Atlantic subtropical high‐pressure system (the Azores High) and by internal climate modes, most prominently the North Atlantic Oscillation, which may shift in position and/or intensity due to anthropogenic climate change. The development of high‐resolution paleocl...
Alaina G. Chormann, A. Wanamaker, D. Thatcher et al.· Journal of Quaternary Scienc...· 0 citations
How El Niño–Southern Oscillation variability and diversity have changed over the Common Era, and how corals have responded to ENSO-induced temperature anomalies, remains unclear. Here, Porites microatolls from Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands, in the western Pacific were analyzed across three periods: 484–560 ± 6 CE (Late...
O. Knebel, T. Felis, M. Kölling et al.· Communications Earth & Envir...· 0 citations
Tropical cyclones (TCs) cause major devastation across the Southwest Pacific, a region that includes small island developing states such as Fiji and Vanuatu, as well as New Zealand. TC activity in this basin is strongly influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which alters sea surface temperature (SST) gr...
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of interannual variability in the Earth system, exerting profound influences on global weather and climate. One notable impact is its ability to generate a dipole‐like sea level pressure anomaly pattern over the North Atlantic, resembling the North Atlantic O...
Bing-Ning Meng, Lei Zhang· Geophysical Research Letters· 0 citations
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