Alpinia Oxyphylla-Shenqi Siwu Decoction protects against high glucose-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell injury involving the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

Scutellarin attenuates high glucose-induced edema and inflammation in retinal Müller cells via AQP4/Kir4.1 restoration and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB inhibition

The protective effects of SCU are significantly associated with the restoration of AQP4/Kir4.1 homeostasis and the suppression of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/VEGFA pathway, suggesting its potential as a multi-target candidate drug for delaying the progression of DR.

Huwang Mingmu decoction protects retinal neurons in early diabetic retinopathy by suppressing the IL-1β-c-Jun-GS pathway: an in vivo and in vitro study.

It is demonstrated that HWMMT exerts neuroprotection in early DR by suppressing the IL-1β/c-Jun signaling cascade and restoring GS expression and function in Müller cells, thereby reducing extracellular glutamate accumulation and mitigating excitotoxic damage.

Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. promotes angiogenesis and preserves neurons in subacute ischemic stroke in rats: possible involvement of the HIF-1α/Nrf2/VEGF-A-mediated signaling pathway.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alpinia oxyphylla Miq., referred to in Chinese as Yi Zhi Ren (YZR), is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine long used to treat stroke. However, the effects of YZR extract on angiogenesis in subacute ischemic stroke remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The effects of YZR extract administere...

A standardized fraction of Cajanus scarabaeoides attenuates diabetic nephropathy via antiglycation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic mechanisms.

(S)-SA, a bioactive flavonoid from Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum, alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via SLC11A2-mediated ferroptosis inhibition.

BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) remains a major barrier to neurological recovery after ischemic stroke, and effective pharmacological interventions targeting upstream neurovascular unit mechanisms related to ferroptosis and blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury are limited. PURPOSE This study aimed...

Paeoniflorin Alleviates Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation Injury by Mediating Crosstalk Between Neurons and Endothelial Cells Through the VEGF/PI3K-AKT/mTOR Pathway

Paeoniflorin alleviated CIRI by directly protecting neurons and indirectly modulating neuron–endothelial crosstalk through VEGF/PI3K-AKT/mTOR activation, supporting its multi-target therapeutic potential.