The available evidence supports a multifactorial pathophysiological model involving viral persistence, immune dysregulation, autoimmunity, endothelial dysfunction, dysautonomia, and mitochondrial impairment, which is a heterogeneous multisystem condition involving neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and psychological systems.
Context: Long COVID has emerged as a major cause of persistent respiratory symptoms and functional impairment after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pulmonary involvement is among the most common long-term manifestations and may affect both previously hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals. However, the clinical pres...
Amin Shahverdi, Shadi Kamali, Ehsan Shahverdi· International Journal of Inf...· 0 citations
This narrative review provides a critical synthesis of current literature regarding the clinical presentations, potential mechanisms, and biomarkers associated with neurological involvement in Long COVID and helps define disease heterogeneity, support patient stratification, and guide future personalized therapeutic ap...
M. Bralic, F. Silconi, Vladimira Vuletić et al.· Journal of Clinical Medicine· 0 citations
Background: Long COVID is a heterogeneous multisystem condition associated with fatigue, cognitive difficulties, sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic symptoms.
Methods: This narrative review examined PubMed/MEDLINE literature published between January 2020 and July 2026, supplemented by major rev...
Sandra Kołodziejczyk, Bartłomiej Wiak, Monika Łapot et al.· African Journal of Biomedica...· 0 citations
SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is a betacoronavirus that caused a global pandemic with a major impact on public health. Post-COVID-19 Syndrome (PCS), also known as chronic or long COVID, is characterized by the persistence of symptoms for more than four weeks after the acute infection. PCS presents wit...
Gabrielle Pereira Damasceno, Sarah Romenia Souza Martins, C. D. de Cordova et al.· Revista de Estudos Interdisc...· 0 citations
Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) affect millions annually, yet long-term consequences outside COVID-19 are poorly defined. Post-acute sequelae, encompassing persistent or new physical, cognitive, and mental health impairments, are increasingly recognised as clinically important. We systematically reviewed evidence o...
Esther Hui-En Chong, I. Wee, J. G. Low et al.· Respirology (Carlton South....· 1 citation
Post-COVID-19 syndrome represents a complex clinical entity characterized by the persistence of symptoms for at least two months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multisystemic condition involves pulmonary, cardiovascular, neurological, and psychological dysfunctions, generating a significant impact on patie...
Vlad-Florin Oiegar, Paraschiva A. Postolache, Constantin Ghimuș· Romanian Journal of Medical...· 0 citations
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