Deep Hybrid Neural Network for Automated Epileptic Seizure Detection from EEG Signals using MAT-LAB

Abstract

Epilepsy is a long-term neurological disorder marked by recurring seizures resulting from irregular neuronal activity in the brain. Prompt and precise identification of epileptic events from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is essential for successful clinical diagnosis. This study introduces a Deep Hybrid Neural Network framework that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with the Aquila Optimizer (AO) for the automatic detection of epileptic seizures utilizing EEG data in MATLAB. The suggested system initially converts EEG signals into time–frequency spectrograms through Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), allowing the CNN to capture advanced spatial–spectral characteristics. The AO algorithm further improves these features by tuning hyperparameters and choosing the most distinguished fea-ture subsets, thereby boosting classification accuracy and decreasing computational overhead. The Bonn University EEG dataset was used to evaluate the model through a 5-fold cross-validation method, attaining an average accuracy of 95.62%, where per-class sensitivity and specificity surpassed 97%. Comparative evaluation showed that the CNN–AO hybrid sur-passed traditional classifiers in terms of accuracy and convergence reliability. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid framework for automated epileptic seizure detection and suggest its potential suitability for future real-time and wearable healthcare applications following further deployment-oriented validation.