It is found that GAKV is primarily detected by the innate immune sensor retinoic acid-inducible gene I, which activates antiviral signaling through the adaptor protein mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) and initiates type I interferon (IFN) responses.
This Review summarizes current knowledge of how the innate immune system recognizes ZIKV and how the virus counteracts these responses, while highlighting unresolved questions and potential therapeutic targets.
Dan-Yu Qian, Yu-Lei Guo, Ai-Xin Li et al.· Frontiers in Immunology· 0 citations
Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21/Ro52) is a pivotal E3 ubiquitin ligase and cytoplasmic fragment crystallizable receptor (FcR). It plays a crucial role in viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancers by regulating multiple cell signaling axes, including the NF-κB, RIG-I-like receptor (RLR), cGAS-ST...
Shi-Jin Lan, Ying Wang, Yu-Tong Fu et al.· Biomolecules· 0 citations
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a merbecovirus associated with recurrent zoonotic spillover and severe lower-respiratory disease. Research has focused largely on DPP4-mediated entry, spike structure, replicase biology, neutralizing antibodies, and vaccines. However, the 3′-encoded accessory p...
Chun-Hua Wang, Xu-Hang Li, Yi Jiang et al.· Frontiers in Immunology· 0 citations
ABSTRACT RNA viruses have evolved diverse strategies to evade host interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene (ISG) defenses; however, how they exploit host epitranscriptomic regulation remains poorly understood. Here, we identify an immune-evasion mechanism in which porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) ta...
Yi-Peng Pang, F. M. Amona, Yuan Liang et al.· mBio· 0 citations
The innate immune response is the first line of host defense against viral infection. RNA virus infection triggers activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) signaling pathway, resulting in the formation of prion-like aggregates of MAVS and production of type I...
Rui Su, Aiping Sun, Yifan Niu et al.· Frontiers in Immunology· 0 citations
Type I interferons (IFNs) serve as pivotal functional molecules in the antiviral immune response of fish, and their signaling pathways require precise negative regulation to avoid tissue damage caused by excessive immune activation. In the present study, DEAD-box RNA helicase 3b (DDX3b), an ATP-dependent RNA helicase i...
Liang Chen, Zi-Ting Zhao, Zhi-Hao Du et al.· Fish and Shellfish Immunolog...· 0 citations
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