From the Four-Orbital Model to the Three-Orbital Model: Parameterizing the Qx/Qy-Band Energies in Phthalocyanines and Their Analogues Using Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory.
Aug 2026· Journal of Physical Chemistry A· Vol 130 34, pp.
6707-6729
· 0 citations· 136 references
Medicine
Abstract
Here, we summarize the general use of the symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) toward empirical prediction of the energy (and splitting when present) of the Qx- and Qy-bands in a large variety of substituted phthalocyanines (Pcs) and their analogues (i.e., tetraazaporphyrins (TAPs), naphthalocyanines (Ncs), and anthracocyanines (Acs)). It was shown that SAPT can be used as a reliable and quick empirical tool for the accurate (within 0.05 eV) estimation of both Qx- and Qy-band energies and splittings. Simple empirical rules for a 24 nm redshift per added benzene ring at the β,β'-positions (96 nm rule going from TAP to Pc to Nc to Ac) and 30, 15, 8, 5, and 4 nm rules for redshift per added amino, thiol, alkoxy, aryl, and alkyl group at the α-position of the phthalocyanine core, respectively, were established. The SAPT accuracy was tested against the data from more time-consuming and resource-intensive time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations for several series of compounds.
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