Three-Dimensional Left Ventricle Strain Echocardiography in the Detection of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia—Retrospective Case-Control Analysis and Relation to the Cardiotoxicity Risk Factors Assessment

Abstract

Simple Summary Anthracyclines are very effective in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) but unfortunately cardiotoxic. Our study is the first to report comprehensive 3D echocardiography with strain assessment in the population of children treated for ALL to compare it with healthy individuals and to analyze previously described cardiotoxicity risk factors in relation to the 3D-echocardiography-detected cardiac function impairment in this group of patients. As ALL is the most common childhood malignancy with a promising prognosis, we strongly believe that the early detection of cardiotoxicity before the onset of heart failure symptoms is imperative for the implementation of cardioprotection in this population.