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Oral MLLM Scoping Review Protocol: Multimodal Large Language Models in Stomatology

Aug 2026 · Open Science Framework

Abstract

OSF 注册文案:口腔多模态大语言模型范围综述方案 1. 方案标题 多模态大语言模型在口腔医学中的应用:从影像诊断到智能病理——范围综述方案 Multimodal Large Language Models in Stomatology: From Imaging Diagnosis to Intelligent Pathology — A Scoping Review Protocol 2. 研究团队 刘雨、王翔、侯君、唐建军、翁雁鸣、马超群、董青山(通讯作者) 中国人民解放军中部战区总医院口腔科,湖北 武汉 3. 研究问题(PCC 框架) 人群(Population):接受口腔影像学或口腔病理学检查的患者、口腔临床诊疗场景,以及承担影像/病理判读的口腔专科医师(含初级与资深医师阅片场景)。 概念(Concept):多模态大语言模型(含专病视觉-语言模型与智能体式诊断系统)、牙科视觉基础模型,以及基于多实例学习(MIL)的全切片病理方法;涵盖模型构建、评测基准与临床验证三类研究。 情境(Context):口腔医学中的影像诊断(全景 X 线片、根尖片、头影测量片、CBCT、口内照片等 2D/3D 模态)与病理智能诊断,包括"研究验证"与"临床落地"两条路径。研究问题:①口腔专用 MLLM 及其方法学基础呈现何种技术路线与能力分布?②现有评测基准与临床验证证据的强度如何?③该领域存在哪些证据缺口与转化障碍? 4. 综述类型与报告规范 类型:范围综述(Scoping Review) 报告规范:PRISMA-ScR(Tricco 等,2018) 按设计不进行定量合并(Meta 分析);对效应量可比性与未来定量综合可行性作系统评估 5. 检索策略 数据库:arXiv、PubMed、Google Scholar、中国知网(CNKI) 时间窗:2025-01-01 至检索执行当日(计划 2026-08-30) 语言:中英文;限定标题与摘要(Google Scholar 以标题检索为主辅以人工过滤) PubMed 检索式:("oral"[Title/Abstract] OR "dental"[Title/Abstract] OR "dentistry"[Title/Abstract] OR "stomatology"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("multimodal"[Title/Abstract] OR "vision-language"[Title/Abstract] OR "large language model"[Title/Abstract] OR "MLLM"[Title/Abstract]) AND (diagnosis[Title/Abstract] OR imaging[Title/Abstract] OR pathology[Title/Abstract] OR panoramic[Title/Abstract] OR radiograph[Title/Abstract] OR benchmark[Title/Abstract]),时间限定 2025/01/01 至检索日 arXiv 检索式:all:(oral OR dental OR dentistry OR stomatology) AND all:(multimodal OR "vision-language") AND all:(model OR LLM OR foundation) 概念块:模型块(MLLM/VLM/LLM/foundation model)、领域块(oral/dental/dentistry/stomatology/口腔/牙科)、任务块(diagnosis/imaging/pathology/panoramic/radiograph/benchmark) 补充检索:评价工具(QUADAS-AI、TRIPOD+AI、CLAIM)、跨专科对照文献、口腔领域外奠基性方法学文献、WHO 官方报告,以及口腔领域内早于时间窗的奠基性背景文献与基准性资源(如 GBD、DENTEX)不受时间窗限制,经滚雪球检索补充;官方媒体与机构官网作为灰色文献仅记录产业动态。 6. 纳入与排除标准 纳入:①口腔/牙科专用 MLLM、牙科视觉基础模型或口腔评测基准;②直接相关的全切片病理 MIL 方法学工作;③口腔 MLLM 临床验证研究;④中英文文献。 排除:①单任务单模态 CNN 研究;②观点性文章、社论及无原始数据的方法学评论;③无可迁移方法学的非口腔文献;④重复发表。 7. 筛选与数据提取 两位作者(刘雨、王翔)独立筛选,初筛基于标题与摘要,复筛阅读全文,分歧协商解决 标准化表格提取:模型名称、年份、技术路线、基座/方法、数据规模与任务、关键验证结果、证据来源类别(同行评议/预印本/灰色文献);第三位作者(侯君)核对 全程记录各库命中数、去重数、初筛排除数、全文评估数、纳入数及排除原因 8. 证据分级与可比性评估 证据来源分类:同行评议/预印本/灰色文献,逐条标注(出版状态≠证据等级) 对唯一具备可提取验证设计的研究(DentVLM)按 QUADAS-AI 作非正式分域评价(author appraisal);报告完整性参照 TRIPOD+AI 与 CLAIM 核查 可比性框架:≥2 项同任务同指标且可提取效应量及 95% CI(或可重构 2×2 表)为可比性判定条件;≥3 项同质研究为执行随机效应合并的最低数量条件;漏斗图与 Egger 需 ≥10 项。无论条件是否满足,本综述均不执行合并 9. 预期产出 ①口腔 MLLM 领域证据地图;②效应量可提取性与可比性评估表;③临床验证"最小报告集"建议;④未来系统综述/Meta 分析的前提条件清单 10. 注册与备案声明 本方案于 2026-08-30 在 OSF 注册备案。检索执行、筛选与数据提取均在本注册之后进行,筛选计数将全程记录并纳入最终报告。

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#large language models Open access Aug 2026

A Pattern Language for Production LLM Platforms: Governed Routing, Agent Orchestration, and AI-Native Delivery

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Nabeel Khan · 8 citations

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