Digital transformation maturity measurement (DTMM) for oil and gas industry

Abstract

This study explores the development of a Digital Transformation Maturity Measurement (DTMM) framework specifically designed for the oil and gas industry, which faces growing pressure to improve efficiency, sustainability, and competitiveness in an increasingly digital global economy. Although the sector plays a vital economic role, it continues to lag behind others in adopting digital technologies, highlighting the need for a structured framework to assess and guide transformation efforts. The research was guided by two key objectives: (1) to identify and analyze the core factors and key success indicators that define digital transformation maturity within the oil and gas context, and (2) to develop a customized DTMM model that addresses the sector’s unique operational challenges and technological requirements. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the study combines qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with 10 senior executives and quantitative insights from 240 professionals across Thailand’s oil and gas sector. A systematic literature review informed the identification of five critical enabler factors: Leadership, Staff, Organization, Technology, and Value Creation. These were assessed against three success indicators: Financial Performance (measured by operational efficiency and cost control), Customer/Internal User Value (assessed through satisfaction and usability), and Environmental and Societal Value (determined by sustainability practices and safety standards). The DTMM model was validated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results indicate that all five enabler factors significantly contribute to transformation success, with Technology and Value Creation emerging as the most influential. The validated model demonstrates strong empirical consistency and practical applicability, offering a structured tool for organizations to assess their digital readiness. This study contributes to both academic understanding and industry practice by providing a comprehensive, evidence-based framework for driving effective digital transformation in complex, capital-intensive environments.