An MQTT-enabled IoT architecture for smart curtain systems with embedded edge-cloud integration

Abstract

To address the issues of delayed response, fragmented functionality, and poor compatibility in conventional curtain and window control systems, this paper proposes and implements an intelligent curtain-window coordination system based on multi-sensor integration. The system utilizes an STM32 microcontroller as the central processor, integrating temperature, humidity, light, and rain sensors, and employs an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module to establish communication with a cloud-based IoT platform. Leveraging the lightweight MQTT protocol, the system supports real-time environmental data upload and command downlink. A WeChat Mini Program is developed as the client interface, allowing users to remotely monitor environmental conditions and control curtains and windows in real time. Compared with traditional single-function control devices, the proposed system achieves seamless integration of curtain movement, window actuation, and environmental sensing, while enabling closed-loop management across cloud and mobile terminals through a low-cost architecture. With its modular design, stable communication, and responsive performance, the system is well-suited for smart control scenarios in residential, office, and greenhouse environments, offering a scalable and cost-effective pathway for smart home system development.