Aug 2026· Plant, Cell and Environment· 0 citations· 100 references
Medicine
TL;DR
This review advances the concept of the "nuclear redox code," a framework in which the plant cell nucleus functions as a signaling hub that actively curates its own redox environment and translates oxidative signals into cellular decisions.
Abstract
Reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species (RONSs) are essential signaling molecules in plants, with their production highly compartmentalized within the cell. In this review, we advance the concept of the "nuclear redox code," a framework in which the plant cell nucleus functions as a signaling hub that actively curates its own redox environment and translates oxidative signals into cellular decisions. We summarize current knowledge on the maintenance of nuclear redox homeostasis, the oxidative modification of nuclear proteins and chromatin, and how these modifications influence gene expression, cell cycle progression, and cell fate determination. We propose that the nucleus integrates these molecular events through a hierarchical architecture, coupling transient oxidative post-translational modifications with stable chromatin marks to coordinate growth, development, and stress adaptation. We also highlight key unresolved questions and discuss how a systems-level understanding of the nuclear redox code may guide the development of stress-resilient crops.
This review synthesises current knowledge to elucidate the specific oxidative modification mechanisms by which ROS target core signalling components, biosynthetic enzymes, as well as transport proteins throughout all hormonal pathways and distils cross-pathway principles that define a coherent redox-guided regulatory a...
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Aerobic life revolves around the enigmatic role of oxygen, which sustains the life cycle by supporting energy production while simultaneously threatening its existence through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Intriguingly, ROS are not merely by-products of energy generation; cells actively invest in the...
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A concept-driven synthesis positioning NO as a central integrator of plant signaling networks is provided, highlighting its role as a redox–hormonal hub coordinating interactions with reactive oxygen species, phytohormones, and phytohormones.
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Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have emerged as key gaseous signaling molecules in plants, playing central roles in regulating responses to a myriad of abiotic stresses. A major mechanism through which these molecules exert their effects is via post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, including...
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Plants coordinate their growth and developmental programs through dynamic communication in the core of the nucleus, enabling them to adapt to persistently high-temperature environments. Upon heat stress, plants primarily perceive and transduce thermal signals between the nucleus and other organelles, a process defined...
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