Root and Canal Morphology of the Mandibular First Premolar in a Kazakh Population: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

Abstract

ObjectivesUnderstanding the root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars (M1Ps) is critical for effective endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and morphological variations of M1Ps in a retrospective sample from a Kazakh population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Material and MethodsA total of 600 M1Ps from 300 patients were analyzed using CBCT. Root number, canal configurations according to the Vertucci and Ahmed classifications, C-shaped canal morphology, radicular grooves, taurodontism, bilateral symmetry, and demographic variables were evaluated.ResultsThe majority of M1Ps exhibited a single root (93%), with 2-rooted teeth identified in 7% of cases; no 3-rooted forms were observed. Vertucci’s Type I (1-1) configuration was the most prevalent (72-74%), followed by Type V (1-2) in approximately 20% of cases, while Types II, III, and IV were rare (