ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS OF THE FIFTH GENERATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS: A LEGAL-CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Global crises, market volatility and the increasing interdependence of national economies highlight the need for a new conceptual model balancing individual rights with economic efficiency, sustainable growth and macroeconomic stability. This study aims to analyse the fifth generation of human rights primarily through an economic lens, identifying the key economic factors that have shaped their emergence in the context of globalisation and technological transformation. The methodology incorporates comparative, historical, systems-structural and forecasting approaches, alongside methods of analysis and synthesis. This study examines the fifth generation of human rights in light of structural changes in the global economy, such as digitalisation, artificial intelligence and the platform economy. Particular focus is placed on rights with an economic basis, such as access to digital resources, data participation, economic security, and protection from technological displacement. The evolution of human rights is reconsidered in terms of economic efficiency, institutional design and distribution mechanisms. The findings show that the fifth generation of human rights is closely linked to global economic security, new forms of inequality and the transformation of production and consumption systems. Legal and constitutional mechanisms are considered secondary tools that support the institutionalisation of rights driven by the economy. The conclusions highlight the need to conceptualise the fifth generation of human rights as an economic category that reflects the transformation of global economic systems. Further research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of economic mechanisms in implementing these rights.