mRNA Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine, a Potential Treatment of Cancer in the Future

Abstract

: As one of the disorders with the highest mortality rate, cancers are continuously promoting the exploration of new kinds of therapeutic strategies. Among them, mRNA therapeutic cancer vaccines have become a highly promising research direction because of their high quality and research potential. Moreover, their development potential has been verified due to the successful application during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article aims to explain the mechanism of this kind of vaccine. mRNA vaccines rely on the accurate targeting techniques like the use of LNP and the activation of CD8+ immune cells. The gene editing tools such as CRISPR Cas-9 are involved in the stage of vaccine designing. Scientists have designed some advanced techniques including EB-LNP which reduces the liver damage during targeting to minimize the side effects. Although there are still some problems such as the lack of clear regulatory guidelines currently, mRNA therapeutic cancer vaccines still remain a highly promising approach for cancer treatment in the future.