Digitalization and De-ideologization: Tracing the Evolution of Political Socialization Among Generation Z

Abstract

The transformation of socio-political realities and pervasive digitalization necessitates a renewed examination of political socialization processes among youth. This article investigates the political engagement of the younger cohort of the “Zuckerberg generation” (born 2005–2009). Drawing upon a generational theory, a digital theory of civic engagement, analyses of online political content consumption, this research situates its inquiry within (post-)Marxist and post-capitalist frameworks, with particular attention to the monopolization of network communication resources and its constraints on the free information market. The article critically explores the dichotomy between technological optimism – with the emphasis on the democratizing potential of social media and Internet communications – and technological skepticism, which highlights phenomena such as algocracy, information bubbles, and digital colonialism. Empirical findings derive from focus group data conducted with students in the Saratov region. The findings reveal key characteristics of younger Zoomers’ digital political activity, their ideological orientations, and their perspectives on youth political disengagement. Special attention is paid to the concept of digital citizens and the evolving transition from passive observers to active participants in political and communicative processes. The study highlights a prevailing preference among youth for a light, ironic communicative style that merges sensationalism, provocation, and entertainment with political content often serving as a backdrop. Engagement with political figures is often motivated by their eccentricity, charisma, and perceived relatability. Furthermore, the article examines the de-ideologization of youth consciousness and the impact of information content on political participation and perceptions of political issues. Particular emphasis is placed on the trend toward infantilization of political awareness, whereby young individuals perceive political information primarily through entertainment and emotional frameworks.