Sleep, circadian rhythms, chronobiology, and neural synchrony: Integrative mechanisms in brain function, health, and disease.

Research Progress on the Molecular Pathways Regulating Mammalian Sleep–Wake Rhythms

The mammalian brain governs the timing of sleep and wakefulness with considerable precision, yet the mechanism underlying this timing is not a single switch. Work over the past two decades has uncovered a layered molecular architecture in which neurotransmitter systems, neuropeptide signaling, and circadian clock genes...

Neural mechanisms and architecture of sleep.

Influences of Circadian Rhythm on Memory Formation and Underlying Neuronal Regulatory Mechanisms

Circadian Rhythm disruption in modern society damages the hippocampus and leads to memory loss. However, the existing interventions for the central clock have not restored hippocampal rhythms and cognition. Therefore, this paper systematically summarizes the neural circuits and molecular feedback loops of the mammalian...

Sleep and circadian regulation of DNA repair and retrotransposons in neuronal genome stability and neurodegenerative disease mechanisms

Sleep and wake are fundamental brain states that coordinate diverse physiological processes required for long-term health and survival. Recent research in molecular neuroscience and chronobiology has begun to clarify how sleep–wake cycles and circadian timing intersect with genomic maintenance mechanisms in the nervous...

Sleep and Circadian Regulation of Neural Repair and Plasticity after Central Nervous System Injury

Neural repair and plasticity after central nervous system injury depend on tightly coordinated biological processes, including synaptic remodelling, adult neurogenesis, metabolic clearance, and immune regulation. Sleep and circadian rhythms have emerged as key modulators of these processes, yet they remain under integr...

Circadian rhythm dysregulation and brain functional connectivity alterations in stroke patients: an exploratory study of peripheral and central clock interactions

The human circadian rhythm system is governed by a transcriptional-translational feedback loop of clock genes, including Bmal1 , which exhibits a near-24-hour oscillatory period. Emerging evidence highlights the critical contribution of circadian genes to stroke pathogenesis and outcomes, yet mechanistic insi...