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Sep 2026 · Revista de Historiografía · 0 citations · 24 references

Abstract

This paper analyses the interpretative oscillations and political uses of the concept of  “Enlightenment” in the context of the first two decades of the 21st century, a period marked by events that fuelled new global debates on universalism, secularisation, racism and freedom of expression. It argues that the attacks of 11 September 2001, the attack on the weekly magazine Charlie Hebdo in January 2015, and the murder of George Floyd in 2020 produced significant shifts in the public and academic assessment of the Enlightenment. To this end, we examine both the renewed defences of the Enlightenment legacy (based on some paradigmatic examples: Todorov, Israel, Pagden) and the main contemporary critiques, particularly those coming from feminism, postcolonial studies, and debates on memory. Finally, we reflect on the relationship between historiography and politics from the situated perspective of the Global South, questioning the ways in which this particular geographical and intellectual location conditions our inheritance of the Enlightenment, as well as our ways of thinking and debating about it.

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