MODELING OF AN ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR A DIGESTION BOILER FOR FARMS AND PRIVATE SUBSIDIARY FARMS

Abstract

The efficiency of feed preparation on farms directly depends on the energy consumed during thermal processing. Natural gas is the most readily available energy source, but its inefficient use leads to significant energy waste. This article substantiates the need for smooth regulation of gas burner power in feed cookers, as opposed to traditional two-stage control, which is characterized by frequent burner starts and fuel losses. It is established that the heat flow consumed by the cooker changes dynamically: it is maximum during the initial heating period and minimum upon reaching boiling point. An automated power supply system is proposed using thermoelectric feedback with Peltier elements. The temperature difference between the steam in the jacket and the product generates an EMF, which, without intermediate amplification, controls the throttle valve solenoid. To expand the operating range, a circuit with inverse proportional control is developed. A multivariate regression analysis was conducted using the Box-Benkine design (factors: burner capacity of 9–14 l/min, number of elements of 8–10 pcs., load of 40–100 l). An adequate regression equation was obtained. It was experimentally proven that the system with inversely proportional regulation provides gas savings of 24% compared to the manual mode and 7.8% compared to the directly proportional one. Optimal parameters for a 100 l boiler were determined: burner capacity of 9 l/min, 9 Peltier elements. Efficiency increased from 69.5% to 84%. It was found that reducing the load from 100 to 40 kg increases the specific gas consumption by almost 2 times. The annual economic effect is 41,613.75 rubles.