The Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Relationship Between Training, Organizational Culture, and the Performance of Teachers and Employees at Mangunan Experimental School

Abstract

Purpose - Teacher and employee performance is a critical determinant of educational organizations' ability to achieve their institutional goals. Previous studies have identified training and organizational culture as important factors influencing employee performance. However, empirical findings regarding the direct effects of these variables on performance remain inconclusive. Therefore, this study aims to examine the mediating role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the relationship between training, organizational culture, and the performance of teachers and employees at Mangunan Experimental School, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach – This study employed a quantitative research design using a survey method. The study involved all 80 teachers and employees of Mangunan Experimental School through a census sampling technique. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. Originality – This study extends previous research by demonstrating that OCB functions as a behavioral mechanism through which training and organizational culture enhance employee performance within a learning community-based private school. Findings – Training and organizational culture do not directly affect employee performance. However, both variables have positive and significant effects on OCB, while OCB positively influences performance. Furthermore, OCB fully mediates the relationships between training, organizational culture, and employee performance. Conclusion – The findings suggest that improving performance depends not only on training and organizational culture but also on fostering employees' voluntary behaviors that strengthen organizational effectiveness. Keywords-Training; Organizational Culture; Organizational Citizenship Behavior; Employee Performance; PLS-SEM