TRANSFORMING THE CONCEPT OF RUSSIA'S INDUSTRIAL POLICY UNDER THE CONTEXT OF SANCTIONS PRESSURE AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY

Abstract

The article examines the transformation of the concept of "industrial policy" in the context of sanctions pressure and the need to create conditions for the country's technological independence, which in the traditional sense was a set of measures to support the main industries by the state. Conceptual and methodological approaches to defining industrial policy, as well as the dual meaning of the term "industrial policy" are examined: 1) theoretical concept, 2) practical activity. Particular attention is paid to changes in the foreign economic and geopolitical situation, an analysis of the imposed sanctions, recent changes in the economy - the emergence of new structures and industries, technological development, the introduction of innovative methods and techniques in production, the development of financial institutions, trade, information technology, as well as the circumstance how the imposed sanctions influenced changes in policy in the industrial sphere and the role of the state in these changes. The article analyzes the existing definition of industrial policy, touching only on its instrumental side. It is noted that technological sovereignty and import substitution are currently the primary objectives, and therefore industrial policy should be considered as a strategic mechanism for national development. These processes have necessitated the clarification of the theoretical and methodological foundations of industrial policy and the revision of its conceptual framework. As a result of the study, the author proposed the concept of "industrial policy" in the context of modern reality. The novelty of the proposed definition of "industrial policy" lies in the expansion of the concept itself, taking into account the changing economic environment and consisting of substantive and structural components. The author developed this concept taking into account the geopolitical and economic situation in the world, reflecting modern realities, as well as creating the prerequisites for the analysis, adjustment, and modernization of state industrial policy instruments in the context of the implementation of import substitution policy. The author's understanding of industrial policy allows for the expansion of the conceptual framework and the creation of conditions for the development of practical mechanisms for the sustainable development of the industrial sector in Russia.