PATTERNS THAT EXIST IN IPOS OF START-UPS OVER THE PAST DECADE FROM 2014 TO 2024 IN INDIA

Abstract

This paper examines the trends in Indian start-up Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) from 2014 to 2024 and what they reveal about entrepreneurship and capital market development. The study focuses on how start-ups moved from private funding to public markets during the rapid growth of India's start-up ecosystem. The data were collected from reliable secondary sources such as the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), the National Stock Exchange (NSE), the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), and company Red Herring Prospectuses. The findings show several important trends. Most IPOs were concentrated in sectors such as fintech, e-commerce, SaaS, and technology. The participation of retail investors also increased, and the size of IPOs became larger over time. The study also found that many companies launched IPOs even before becoming profitable, showing that investors were giving more importance to future growth than current profits. In addition, government reforms and digital trading platforms have made it easier for start-ups to enter the public market. Overall, the findings show that IPOs have become an important way for Indian start-ups to raise capital and grow their businesses. They also show how India's start-up ecosystem and capital markets have developed together over the past decade. These findings are useful for entrepreneurs, investors, policymakers, and researchers who want to better understand the changing role of IPOs in India's entrepreneurial ecosystem.