R-transforms for non-Hermitian block random matrices: a spherical integral approach

Abstract

We extend the spherical-integral approach to $\mathcal{R}$-transforms of non-Hermitian random matrices to random matrices with a fixed $K \times K$ block structure. We introduce a rank-$K$ spherical integral defining a scalar $H$-transform on $2K \times 2K$ overlap matrices and an associated matrix-valued $\mathcal{R}$-transform encoding the joint block structure. Using the replica method, we derive a conjectural subordination relation for sums of independent block matrices. This framework provides a method for determining the spectral boundaries of large non-Hermitian random matrices with a fixed block structure.