Bridging Customary and Statutory Land Systems: Policy Pathways for Effective Land Use Planning and Economic Development in Rural Zambia: Evidence from Masuku, Choma District

Abstract

In Africa, land is generally categorized into two forms, traditionally owned land, which is managed by customary authorities, and state-owned land, which is governed by statutory laws. These dual land tenure systems play a crucial role in shaping land use planning and economic development, particularly in rural areas where secure land rights influence agricultural productivity and investment. This study examined the effects of land tenure systems on land use planning and economic development in Masuku, Choma District, using a mixed-methods design. The findings indicated that secure land tenure promotes effective planning and long-term investments. However, the predominance of customary tenure, limited formal documentation, and weak integration with statutory frameworks constrain both planning and economic opportunities. Challenges identified include unresolved land disputes, inadequate infrastructure, limited stakeholder coordination, and low community awareness of land use planning initiatives. To address these issues, the study recommends formalized agreements between traditional leaders and local authorities supported by the Ministry of Local Government, to harmonize customary and statutory systems, strengthen tenure security, and to promote inclusive and sustainable economic development.