Mechanism of differentiated support for the agro-industrial complex taking into account technological sovereignty

Abstract

The article developed and tested the author's mechanism of differentiated state support for agricultural producers, which is focused on achieving technological sovereignty in the agro-industrial complex. The relevance of the study is due to the contradiction between significant budget allocations (6.9 billion rubles were allocated to the Krasnodar territory in 2024) and the lack of transparent distribution of subsidies that takes into account financial stability, production efficiency, and technological priorities. The methodology is based on the integral score assessment of financial stability according to Dontsova-Nikiforova (eight coefficients) and the sectoral indicator of the ratio of gross output to the costs of its production (GP/CGP). It provides for the introduction of an equalizing coefficient k in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 for targeted support of problematic but promising farms, as well as additional financing of 500,000 rubles. for 55% of the sample organizations within the framework of the national project "Technological Support for Food Security". The test was performed on the data of 18 agricultural organizations in the Abinsky and Gulkevichesky districts of the Krasnodar territory, with the construction of a heat map of typological classes (from I to V). The results showed that the largest amount of subsidies (53.24%) is allocated to class I farms, while organizations with high efficiency (for example, VE-LES LLC with GP/CGP=15.4) receive support even with a low sustainability class. A comparative analysis of three approaches was conducted: the author's methodology, the regional methodology for improving state support tools in the Krasnodar territory, and the international methodology of the Common Agricultural Policy of Asian and European countries. Systemic problems were identified: a chronic gap between planned and actual indicators, low efficiency of "socially sensitive" instruments (family grants, livestock subsidies – 14-21%), and high discipline in implementing capital-intensive measures (production quotas). It is concluded that without independent monitoring based on the principle of "resource – result – development", improving budgetary discipline, and abandoning ineffective measures, even scientifically based methods risk turning into an imitation of development. The practical significance of this work lies in creating a transparent, formalized, and adaptable tool for distributing subsidies, which can be used by regional agricultural management bodies.