Assessment of Information Gathering, Footprinting, and Vulnerability Assessment Competencies Among BSIT Students: Basis for a Cybersecurity Training Framework

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of cybersecurity threats has emphasized the need for Information Technology (IT) graduates to possess essential cybersecurity competencies. This study assessed the competencies of fourth-year Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) students of Bohol Northern Star College in the areas of information gathering, footprinting, and vulnerability assessment as a basis for developing a cybersecurity training framework. The study employed a descriptive-developmental research design using a quantitative approach. A total enumeration sampling technique was utilized, involving 21 fourth-year BSIT students as respondents. Data were collected through a researcher-developed and expert-validated questionnaire and were analyzed using weighted mean and ranking. The findings revealed that the respondents demonstrated a high level of competency in information gathering, footprinting, and vulnerability assessment. The results indicate that the students have acquired sufficient knowledge and skills in performing fundamental cybersecurity activities, including gathering security-related information, conducting reconnaissance activities, identifying potential vulnerabilities, and understanding security assessment processes. Despite the high competency level, continuous enhancement through structured training, hands-on laboratory activities, and practical cybersecurity exercises is recommended to further improve students’ technical capabilities. Based on the findings, a cybersecurity training framework was proposed to strengthen the practical cybersecurity skills of BSIT students. The framework focuses on information gathering, footprinting, vulnerability assessment, cybersecurity tools utilization, and applied security assessment activities. The study concludes that continuous cybersecurity education and practical skill development are essential in preparing BSIT students for the evolving demands of the IT industry.