DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND ESG IMPLEMENTATION IN VIETNAM: INSIGHTS FROM GREEN GROWTH POLICIES AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Abstract

This study investigates how digital transformation facilitates Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) implementation in Vietnam by addressing two critical research questions: (1) How do national green growth policies and digital capabilities interact to drive corporate ESG adoption? and (2) What role does Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) play in moderating this relationship? While digitalization is often cited as a catalyst for sustainability, the specific mechanisms through which institutional pressures and internal human capital synchronize in emerging economies remain under-explored. To address this gap, the research employs a triangulated methodological design: a PRISMA-compliant Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 58 peer-reviewed articles, a policy content analysis of Vietnam’s National Green Growth Strategy (2021-2030), and semi-structured consultations with 30 experts. The findings reveal that digital infrastructure primarily enhances ESG reporting transparency, yet its strategic impact is contingent upon the alignment between green HRM practices and institutional policy frameworks. The study proposes an integrated framework bridging Resource-Based View and Institutional Theory, providing a strategic roadmap for firms to leverage technology for resilient growth. These insights offer a systematic approach to navigating the twin transition of green and digital objectives in Southeast Asia.