Da metaforicidade originária à Metáfora Absoluta

Abstract

The article subjects to critical scrutiny the logical premises of two contemporary ontological proposals that have received considerable attention: Markus Gabriel’s Field of Sense Ontology (FOS) (2014, 2022, 2024) and Graham Harman’s Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) (2011, 2018, 2019). In light of a reconstruction of the theoretical premises of Continental anti-realism carried out in dialogue with Lee Braver’s work (2011), we first demonstrate the aporetic limits of FOS, whose logic of the finite concept is indicative of its inability to fulfill the realist demand, which we frame through a brief exegesis of Meillassoux (2006): to think the unthinkable. Secondly, we show how the theoretical superiority of OOO over FOS lies in the theorem we designate as original metaphoricity, a concept we arrive at through an analysis of the logic of the infinite concept (MOSS, 2020), presupposed by Harman as key to the theoretical cultivation of the tension between objects and their qualities. Next, we demonstrate how original metaphoricity can be recovered in the exegesis of Schelling carried out by the young Markus Gabriel (2006), whose Event-concept of Being leads us to underline the specificity of Schelling’s late philosophy in logically bearing witness to the difference between ontology (negative philosophy) and metaphysics (positive philosophy). Finally, we develop the system of consequences that arises from the attempt to make original metaphoricity cohere with itself, thereby elevating it to Absolute Metaphor in light of Schelling’s demand for a dialectic of dialectic. We conclude by suggesting the isomorphism that Romantic Metaphysics bears with the central theses of Italian metaphysics, as presented in the works of Severino (1981), Donà (2008), Vitiello (2003), Croci (2016), and Cacciari (1990, 2024), for whom the difference between ontology and metaphysics implies thinking the eventual form (BADIOU, 1988, 1997) of the Appearing of each Being.