LIVING ALONGSIDE DISABILITY: THE MENTAL HEALTH RISK IN SIBLING RELATIONSHIPS. A REVIEW

Abstract

This review aims to examine the psychological, psychiatric, and social outcomes among siblings of pediatric patients affected by disabilities, encompassing mental, neurodevelopmental, genetic, oncological, and somatic disorders. Despite extensive research on patients, the experiences of siblings remain underexplored, although existing evidence suggests that they represent a vulnerable group at increased risk for mental health issues and decreased quality of life.  A literature review was conducted focusing on studies published within the last five years to ensure accuracy and novelty. Findings indicate that siblings of affected youth frequently endure emotional distress, including anxiety, guilt, and helplessness, in addition to disturbances in family dynamics and reduced parental attention. Increased caregiving obligations often result in exhaustion, social limitations, and a perceived deprivation of childhood. Across conditions, sibling psychopathology emerged as a key mediator of reduced quality of life. While some siblings demonstrate adaptive mechanisms and develop prosocial traits, others remain at risk of persistent psychological difficulties. Severity and type of illness influence outcomes, with particularly high levels of trauma- related symptoms and, in some instances, increased physical morbidity among siblings of children with cancer, whereas genetic conditions are associated with high rates of sleep disturbances. Siblings of individuals with disabilities are significantly affected across multiple domains of functioning. The burden is multifactorial and influenced by illness severity, family context, and individual characteristics. These findings highlight the need for systematic recognition of siblings’ needs and the implementation of targeted psychosocial interventions as part of comprehensive, family-centered care.