MIMO Radar Waveform Design for Transmit Beampattern and Correlation Tradeoff via Manifold-Projection Iteration

Abstract

The broad transmit beampattern of orthogonal multiple-input multiple-output radar makes it vulnerable to spatial interference. To address this issue while preserving the advantages of orthogonality, this article investigates the tradeoff between the transmit beampattern and waveform correlation. A biobjective optimization model is constructed, in which a weighted $\ell _{p}$-type objective function is adopted to enable robust and precise control of the transmit beampattern and correlation characteristics, thereby satisfying practical requirements. Considering the inherent contradiction between the two objectives, an energy-preserving peak-and-valley-to-average ratio constraint is introduced to ensure power efficiency while providing additional degrees of freedom for tradeoff optimization. To solve the resulting nonconvex optimization problem, we decouple the amplitude and phase variables, thereby reformulating the constrained problem over a more tractable closed convex set and a manifold, respectively. Based on this reformulation, we propose an efficient manifold-projection iterative method and analyze its convergence and computational complexity. Numerical results validate the performance and computational-efficiency advantages of the proposed method, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed model.