Nanotechnology in dermatologic therapy: clinical advances and emerging translational perspectives over the past decade

Abstract

Nanotechnology has been revolutionizing science for at least five decades, with continuous expansion into various medical fields and the introduction of innovative strategies for the management of cutaneous conditions, particularly over the past decade. This article reviews the primary scientific evidence and recent technological advances regarding the application of nanoparticles in the management of skin diseases, highlighting their translational and regulatory relevance. The incorporation of nanocarriers has enabled the optimization and control of skin penetration, bioavailability, and drug and cosmetic active release, with improved safety and tolerability. These platforms have broadened therapeutic options for dermatoses and enhanced cosmetic outcomes in rejuvenation, hydration, and photoprotection. Nanoparticulate actives have demonstrated potential for improved efficacy and tolerability in selected clinical contexts, with greater patient adherence. In parallel, the use of nanotechnology in dermocosmetics and daily-use products has been growing exponentially, demanding greater regulatory standardization and strengthened oversight of manufacturing quality processes. Despite these advances, challenges remain regarding methodological reproducibility, physicochemical characterization, and traceability of nanomaterials. Furthermore, this critical narrative review acknowledges limitations, including heterogeneity in study designs and a lack of long-term data, which are necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the full impact of nanotechnology in dermatology. The integration of scientific innovation, regulation, and clinical practice is essential to consolidate the safe and effective use of nanoparticles in modern dermatology. Thus, nanotechnology represents a transition toward more precise, multifunctional, and personalized cutaneous therapies, with the potential to impact dermatologic public health and overall well-being.