Collaborative Governance in Flood Disaster Management in Bandung Regency, West Java: Evidence from Nvivo-Based Qualitative Analysis

Abstract

Flooding in Bandung Regency, West Java, is a recurrent hydrometeorological disaster whose management depends on coordination across public agencies, communities, and non-state actors. This study examines how collaborative governance operates in flood management and why effective emergency coordination has not consistently developed into durable risk reduction. A qualitative single-case study drew on semi-structured interviews with 15 key informants represented across 12 role-based stakeholder categories, field observations in Bojongsoang and Dayeuh Kolot conducted from January to June 2024, and policy and planning documents published through 2025. Data were analyzed in NVivo 12 through open, axial, and selective coding. Word-frequency and matrix-coding queries were used as secondary descriptive displays, while substantive interpretations were based on coded passages and systematic triangulation across interviews, observations, and documents. The findings show a two-level governance pattern. Operational collaboration is strong during active floods because repeated joint work supports rapid role allocation, communication, trust, evacuation, and logistics. Strategic collaboration is weaker because mandates, planning, budgets, data, and infrastructure responsibilities remain fragmented across organizations. BPBD and Bappeda provide facilitative leadership, but continuity remains vulnerable to crisis-driven routines and individual initiative. Community members and volunteers contribute local knowledge and early response, whereas private-sector and other non-governmental participation remains peripheral to long-term agenda setting. The study concludes that Bandung Regency must convert its operational network into a permanent collaborative regime with integrated data, joint risk-reduction priorities, aligned financing, and stronger community representation. Analytically, the study distinguishes operational effectiveness from strategic effectiveness in a recurrent flood setting in the Global South and clarifies the institutional foundations of resilience.