Objectives and guidelines for business zone development as a driver of economic, social, and spatial development in Slovenia

Abstract

In response to global structural changes and an evolving geopolitical context, Slovenia faces an urgent need to redefi ne its development model. The lack of a coherent strategic framework constrains the country's ability to address emerging challenges and leverage development opportunities. A transition toward innovation-driven growth, a low-carbon circular economy, and a resilient society supported by eff ective institutions is therefore essential. This paper argues for a development breakthrough model that integrates innovation, green transformation, and circular economy principles within a unifi ed planning framework. Sustainable development requires a holistic transformation across economic, social, environmental, and institutional dimensions, supported by enhanced strategic foresight and adaptive capacity. The declining competitiveness of Slovenia as a destination for foreign direct investment further underscores the necessity of coordinated and strategic action. The paper focuses on the role of spatial planning in the development of business zones, emphasizing its interdependence with economic and social planning. Spatial planning defi nes location, structure, connectivity, and standards; economic planning directs sectoral development, investment, and employment; while social planning ensures equitable outcomes and supports quality of life. Empirical evidence demonstrates that the integration of these three planning dimensions signifi cantly improves the performance, resilience, and long-term viability of business zones.