Asociación entre factores de riesgo y tipo de diabetes en usuarios de salud peruanos

Abstract

Introduction: Risk factors have become established in today's society and are associated with the prevalence of chronic diseases. Objective: To determine the association between risk factors and type of diabetes in Peruvian health care users. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, relational study. The Peruvian population studied consisted of 1,022,695 individuals, and data were obtained from the national open data platform. Statistical analysis included absolute and relative counts, medians, quartiles, 95% confidence intervals, and hypothesis tests using chi-square goodness-of-fit and chi-square independence tests, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The median age of users with type 2 diabetes was 58 years, and the median time since diagnosis was 43 months. The majority were women (66.9%), with obesity (65.4%) and hypertension (39.0%), and the prevalence of the disease was 72.0%. Factors associated with the type of diabetes were age 60 years or older (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), time since diagnosis of 60 months or more (p < 0.001), obesity (p < 0.001), and hypertension (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The risk factors evaluated show a statistically significant association with the type of diabetes, highlighting the proportional differences towards type 2 diabetes, obesity, followed by older age, hypertension, female sex and time of diagnosis, in light of this, emphasizing primary prevention measures and adequate management of risk factors by region, can greatly contribute to the control of diabetes.