URGENSI USHUL FIQH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI SYARIAH: LANDASAN METODOLOGIS, INOVASI, DAN TANTANGAN IMPLEMENTASI

Abstract

The development of modern Islamic economics is often confronted with the complex dynamics of contemporary financial transactions. This study aims to analyze the contribution of Ushul Fiqh principles—such as maqashid al-syariah, qawaid fiqhiyyah, istislah, and sadd al-dzari’ah—to innovation in Islamic economic products and instruments. This research identifies various obstacles to the application of Ushul Fiqh within financial institutions, fatwa formulation, and regulation, while formulating its conceptual urgency to strengthen the direction, quality, and consistency of Islamic economic development in Indonesia. Employing a descriptive qualitative method based on a literature study and thematic analysis, primary and secondary data were comprehensively processed to reveal the methodological relationship between ushuliyah rules and modern economic practices. The results show that Ushul Fiqh serves as a vital methodological foundation that not only defines legal boundaries (halal-haram), but also provides a normative analytical framework to respond to new economic realities. Through the instruments of qiyas, istihsan, istislah, and sadd al-dzari’ah, Ushul Fiqh can maintain the consistency of fatwas, fairness in contracts, and the integrity of digital financial innovations such as fintech and blockchain. Without a deep engagement with Ushul Fiqh, the Islamic economic system risks experiencing a deviation in substance; conversely, with its application, Islamic economics can develop authentically, adaptively, and sustainably.