The Influence of Political Thought Based on the Quran in Malaysian Political Discourse: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The Quran has played a profound role in shaping political narratives and governance in Muslim majority countries, including Malaysia. This study learns how the Quran influences Malaysian politics by systematically reviewing scholarly articles published between 2000 and 2024. Despite Malaysia's diverse socio-political environment, the Quran continues to serve as a cornerstone of moral authority and political legitimacy, shaping public policies, political campaigns, and legal systems. However, research reveals gaps in understanding how this influence differs across political ideologies and institutions, raising questions about its consistency and practical application. Through a detailed analysis of 45 peer-reviewed articles selected for their thematic and theoretical relevance, three major patterns emerge. First, the Quran’s influence is strongest in discussions on Islamic governance and political unity. Second, political leaders frequently invoke Quranic principles to address socio-economic issues and rally grassroots support. Third, tensions arise when interpretations of the Quran are debated, especially in Malaysia’s multi-religious and multi-ethnic society. The findings highlight the Quran's dual role as both a unifying force and a source of division in Malaysian politics. While it provides a moral compass for political discourse, contested interpretations can create friction among diverse communities. This study emphasizes the importance of a balanced understanding of the Quran’s influence to promote inclusive political conversations in Malaysia. It also calls for interdisciplinary research to better connect religious interpretations with modern political challenges, ensuring that the Quran remains a constructive force in the country’s governance.