IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS CAUSING CONGESTION ON URBAN ROAD SECTIONS BASED ON SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Traffic congestion is understood as a major issue affecting travel time, fuel consumption, and environmental pollution. This research aims to analyze in detail the factors contributing to traffic congestion on urban road sections using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data were compiled from 24 national and international scientific articles published within the last ten years. Each identified factor was extracted into a worksheet and categorized into six main groups, ranging from traffic volume to rapid vehicle growth over time. The analysis reveals that traffic volume and vehicle growth rank first, accounting for approximately 25.0% of total occurrences, followed by road capacity and geometry at 23.7% (18 occurrences). Side friction accounted for 15 occurrences (19.7%). This study indicates that congestion on urban roads is primarily driven by an imbalance between travel demand and available road capacity, while roadside activities significantly impair performance. Proposed solutions include controlling side friction, regulating on-street parking, and managing roadside vehicle movements.